Jazz is a type of music that grew out of the merger of blues, ragtime, and European music, particularly band music. Several subgenres are Dixieland jazz, swing, bebop, hard bop, cool jazz, free jazz, jazz fusion, smooth jazz, and CafJazz.Jazz is a music genre originating from the United States in the early 20th century with the roots of African music and many use Eropa.Musik jazz guitar, trombone, piano, trumpet, and saxophone. One important element in jazz is syncopation.
Most of rhythms in jazz ever associated with the brothels and the women with an unfortunate reputation. In a way then, finally become an art form of jazz music, both in the specific composition and improvisation, which reflects spontaneous melodies. Jazz musicians often express feelings that can not easily be explained, because this music should be felt within the heart. "If you ask, you'll never know" according to Louis Armstrong.
Jazz legend began in New Orleans and grew into the Mississippi River, Memphis, St.. Louis, and finally Chicago. Of course music is influenced by jazz music in New Orleans, African tribal drums and the structure of European-style music. Jazz background can not be separated from the facts in which jazz influenced various music such as spiritual music, cakewalks, ragtime and blues. One of the jazz legends who believed that around 1891, a barber shop owner in New Orleans named Buddy Bolden blew his cornet and jazz music when it was started as a new breakthrough in the world of music. Half a century later, American jazz music gave many contributions to the music world, studied at the university, and ultimately become a serious musical flow and calculated.
Jazz music as a popular art began to spread to almost all of American society in the 1920s (known as the Jazz Age). Increasingly prevalent in the jazz swing era in the late 1930s, and reached its peak in the late 1950s as modern jazz. In the early 20s and 30s, "jazz" has become a commonly known word.
Influence and development of blues music can not be left when discussing jazz music in the early years of its development. Expression that emanates when playing the blues is in accordance with the style of jazz music. The ability to play the blues became the standard for all jazz musicians, especially for use in air-improvise and jam session. Blues music itself, which comes from the South, has a very extensive history. Blues players usually use the guitar, piano, harmonica, or played together in a group that plays musical instruments homemade.
History and development of jazz music, is divided into several phases / era. Phase of Dixieland and Ragtime at first, then swing and BigBand era (1930-1940), bebop era (mid-1940), latin jazz (1950-1960s), jazz rock or fusion (the 1970s) and the recent developments that gave birth to the phase and new era such as acid jazz, jazz funk, cross music and so on.
Dixieland and Ragtime Era
Ragtime is unique as it incorporates improvisation and weather blues. This is an effect of the primary forms of jazz, lasts for about the first 15 years of the 20th century. Generally, a music that has been written for the piano as a whole can be displayed by the orchestra and represents a mix of classical influences and a marching band. Try to listen to the music of Scott Joplin ragtime to taste.
Dixieland is a style that can be considered as a variant of the classic jazz and New Orleans jazz. Original roots of Dixieland as a musical form derived from the Chicago music scene in the 1920s. Pioneers of Dixieland style includes guitarist Eddie Condon, saxophonist Bud Freeman and trumpeter Jimmy McPartland.
Dixieland-style collective improvisation involved in the first chorus, the musicians go solo with riffing of brass instruments, followed by a closing ensemble, drummer usually plays 4-bar tags were terminated by the whole band. Unlike jazz styles others, set songs for Dixieland musicians rather limited, but offers endless variations in sound models, developed around the 1910s.
Along with the development of ragtime, New Orleans jazz emerged in the jazz scene during the first 2 decades of the 20th century. Considered as a first jazz style, ie from 1895 with music Buddy Bolden, Kid Ory, and Jelly Roll Morton in Storyville, New Orleans, until near 1917. New Orleans jazz has become not fit for marching brass band. There is documentation of the first New Orleans jazz of The Original Dixieland Jass Band in 1917 until the 1920s, when recording technology has evolved.
This music is expanded to include trumpet and cornet players, such as Joe Oliver and Louis Armstrong, shown as a force oriented toward ensemble, with a trumpet player plays the melody, harmony and countermelodi come from trombone player and / or clarinet. Rhythm section ensemble evolved into a banjo, drums, tuba or bass, and piano. Overall, the important points in the New Orleans jazz is to emphasize an ensemble rather than solo. The music continues to spread its wings during the 1920s, and began rivaled by the birth of swing music that will eventually replace this type of music. Dixieland style, which grew in tandem, keeping the basic structure of New Orleans jazz.
Swing era and BigBand
Duke Ellington Big Band Around 1920 and early 1930, filip dance is a dance that is very popular at that time. Melody that accompanies this dance should be soft and romantic, usually accompanied by an orchestra. The orchestra played in accordance with what is written on a paper and singers have to sing very softly and slowly (usually sings tenor voice use). Then slowly swing left music string orchestra and chose to use a more convenient, an arrangement that is more "exciting" that produces the sound of trumpets and wind instruments and improvised melodies wear.
Louis Armstrong offers a different point in the history of swing, broadcast worldwide by a radio station event at the Bing Crosby. Crosby said, "we introduce to you a man who is a master of swing and I would ask you please to him to brief you about what swing music. Then a few moments louis explain, "ow, swing music, yeah we all call it ragtime, then blues, then jazz. And now called swing. "
In the 1930s was the birth of swing music. The new effect is better than in the 1920s, but when asked about his music, of making everyone who heard it seemed to want to dance swing. Most of the jazz band adopted this style in the early 1930s, but the band playing "Sweet" remains the most popular band among white dancers until someone named Benny Goodman appears in the Palomar Ballroom in August 1955 with his music more " hot ".
The audience of young white dancers really liked the rhythm of "hot" Goodman and swingnya musical composition. Hot Swing and Boogie Woogie became the dominant form of American music for the next ten years. Then many emerging after swing became popular. For example, Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra used the swing band to give a very good effect in his music and still maintain it is becoming a popular music though has come the era of rock n roll.
Bebop Era
DavisBebop Miles is one of jazz music streams that have unique characteristics such as a very fast tempo with emphasis on improvisation in harmony structure rather than improvising on the melody. Bebop music developed in the mid-1940s and began to play famous musicians in the first 2 years in World War II.
In the era of the 1940s, the jazz fans began to leave the '30s swing music. The top musicians like Dizzy Gillespie, Bud Powell, Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk and highly inspired from previous generations such as Art Tatum, Ear hines, Coleman Hawkins, Lester Young, and Roy Eldridge.
Describe the drastic changes of bebop jazz music swing era with characters that have been described above, fast tempo, the asymmetric phrases, melodies filled with intrigue, and a rhythm that really changed drastically. Bebop music often appears as a nervous and often disconnected and divided. But for almost all jazz musicians and jazz enthusiasts all over the world, music bebop era of jazz music revolution is recognized as the most attractive and beautiful.
Freedom offered bebop music in music structure totally against kaedah music swing more towards music arrangement for orchestra or band. In bebop music, you will find a lot of improvisation and chord individually in the game his instrument. Even when jazz musicians have brought their music, bebop jazz will give you a spontaneous improvisation where the musicians do not it might not even be able to repeat their improvised from beginning to end. Here is the biggest difference from bebop music when compared with the swing music. The addition of the complexity of the melody being played is also a new trend that is contained in the bebop era of jazz.
In most games bebop jazz, there are several instruments that are commonly used. These instruments are saxophone, trumpet, drums, bass, and piano. Format beginning of the bebop jazz duet popularized pleh Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie in the 1940s. Game group fronted by Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie are also often added saxophone, guitar, trombone, or violin in their bebop jazz composition. Though only be one stream music from jazz, bebop jazz to this day still played around the world. Characteristic form of substitution is very complex harmonies and a very free improvisation became a favorite of many jazz musicians. In all educational jazz, bebop jazz flow of this can be one alternative to express themselves.
Bebop music is best played in a small-group format; quartets and quintets proved ideal with economic and artistic reasons. This music evolved in the urban jazz clubs, where the audience would prefer to come to listen to solos rather than dancing to their favorite songs. In short, bebop musicians making jazz an art form that is not only intended for the taste, but also intellectual.
Emerging jazz stars in the bebop era, among them are Trumpeters Clifford Brown, Freddie Hubbard and Miles Davis, saxophonists Dexter Gordon, Art Pepper, Johnny Griffin, Pepper Adams, Sonny Stitt and John Coltrane, and trombonist JJ Johnson.
In the 1950s and 1960s, bebop undergone several mutations: hard-bop, West Coast, cool jazz and soul-jazz of them. Small-group format of bebop, of one to three horns, piano, bass and drums, remains the standard jazz combo instrumentation to this day.
